Mediation is a voluntary dispute resolution method that avoids court proceedings. An impartial mediator guides parties through a structured process to resolve their conflict, but the final decision rests with the parties themselves. The mediator facilitates discussion and can draft an agreement based on mutually agreed terms, but doesn't impose decisions. This process allows for personal considerations and relationship preservation. Mediation agreements become legally binding only when parties sign a statement to that effect. It offers advantages like time and cost savings, and flexibility in outcomes that may not be possible in court. If mediation fails to produce an agreement, parties can still pursue legal action. This approach is particularly useful when parties wish to maintain working relationships and have more control over the resolution process than traditional court proceedings allow.

Arbitration is a private dispute resolution method where parties present their case to an impartial arbitrator who makes a legally binding decision, known as an award. The process is governed by the uniform Commercial Arbitration Acts adopted in each Australian state and territory, such as the Commercial Arbitration Act 2010 (NSW). This offers a flexible and efficient alternative to court litigation. Parties can voluntarily agree to arbitration, or court proceedings may be stayed and the parties referred to arbitration by consent during ongoing litigation. The arbitrator acts in the same way as a judge, evaluating arguments and evidence presented by both sides before reaching a final determination. This approach combines the formality of a legal proceeding with the flexibility of alternative dispute resolution, providing parties with a structured yet adaptable means of resolving their conflicts outside the traditional court system.

Expert determination is a streamlined dispute resolution method where parties agree to have their conflict settled by an independent expert, who may be a lawyer or a specialist in a relevant field. This process is typically included in commercial contracts or established through a separate agreement. The expert's decision is binding, with options for appeal that can be mandated by careful drafting. Careful drafting sets out the appointment process, payment, and procedural details, ensuring fair and impartial treatment for all parties. Unlike arbitration, which is governed by Commercial Arbitration Acts in each Australian state and territory (such as the Commercial Arbitration Act 2010 (NSW), and their counterparts in other jurisdictions), expert determination is regulated solely by the agreement between the parties involved.

The Building and Construction Industry Security of Payment Act 1999 (NSW) allows a process of swift adjudication to resolve payment disputes within the building and construction industry across NSW.

​

Adjudication is a swift and cost-effective dispute resolution method designed to address disagreements over progress payments and outstanding debts in commercial contexts. This process serves as an efficient alternative to traditional court proceedings, offering a streamlined approach to resolving payment-related conflicts. Adjudication provides parties with a means to settle disputes regarding money owed and progress payments without the need for lengthy and expensive litigation. By utilising this process, parties can potentially save time and resources while working towards a resolution of their payment disagreements.

Collaborative law is a dispute resolution method where parties and their lawyers commit in writing to reach a settlement without litigation. This approach, primarily used in Australian family law matters but applicable to commercial disputes, focuses on active participation, negotiation, and conflict minimisation. All participants sign a participation agreement at the outset, pledging to avoid court proceedings. A key feature of this process is that if an agreement cannot be reached, the lawyers must withdraw from the case, encouraging a strong commitment to resolution. This method promotes cooperation and aims to find mutually beneficial solutions while preserving relationships and avoiding the adversarial nature of traditional legal proceedings.